Effective regulation is essential for successful mini-grid development. Mini-grid regulations differ from those of traditional power utilities due to their smaller size, distinct engineering requirements (such as compatibility, interconnection, safety, performance standards) and varying ownership and business models.

Depending on the country, regulatory oversight can include several actors, including but not limited to departments within a government ministry, national regulatory entities and non-traditional actors such as rural electrification agencies (REAs), community groups, local courts and tribunals. Defining the roles and decision-making responsibilities of each regulatory actor enables more transparent and accountable mini-grid development. This module covers the key requirements for an effective regulatory environment, roles of various actors often involved in regulation, establishing tariffs and the importance of transparency and accountability.