Egypt is one of only four countries in the world that has a funded bilateral science and technology cooperation agreement with the United States. The U.S.-Egypt Science and Technology Joint Fund promotes collaboration between American and Egyptian scientists to address development challenges and promote economic growth, particularly in applied scientific research and technology commercialization. This program works in areas such as public health, food security, energy, and water security. Results of the Joint Fund include high-impact scientific research, training for the next generation of female scientists and youth, and expanded collaboration between American and Egyptian public and private sector institutions.

Since its inception in 1995, the Joint Fund has supported 537 two- to three-year basic and applied collaborative research projects from 168 U.S. institutions and 67 Egyptian institutions. In addition to sharing expertise, these scientists created life-saving new influenza vaccines and innovative textiles containing insect repellents. Scientists registered thirteen patents and published more than 564 research papers that laid the groundwork