The story of health and development in Peru is a remarkable one. Over the last 50 years, despite many challenges, health outcomes in Peru have improved dramatically. This report tells the story of this success and the long history of close developmental cooperation between the US Government (USG) and the Government of Peru (GOP). Beginning in 1942, this collaboration was based on mutual respect and a shared commitment to improving lives, and set the stage for the growth of Peru’s health sector.