Pay-for-results (PfR) has shown great promise as a tool for accomplishing health and other social outcomes. Interest is growing in how it can be applied more broadly in international development. Of particular interest to USAID’s Office of Private Capital and Microenterprise (PCM) and Palladium, which co-wrote and co-sponsored this document, is the ability of PfR to encourage private sector financing for investment that advances development objectives.