There are at least six million cases of malaria per year in Malawi. The disease is endemic in 95 percent of the country, with 98 percent of infections due to Plasmodium falciparum, the most severe form of the parasite. As a result, malaria is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five in Malawi, and accounts for 25 percent of all outpatient visits and 37 percent of all hospital admissions among children under five. U.S. interventions to combat malaria have helped reduced child mortality in Malawi by 48 percent.

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